A great question. I run into this issue often on weekends when I am doing lots of walking and I want to wear an outfit with a shoe or sandal, but a sock with a sneaker is a must for heavy walking and my fussy feet. It doesn't matter how comfy the shoe is, or what insert or goo I put on my feet, if I am walking for lots of miles, a walking sneaker and a sock, and only those two, are the solution. This means my outfit must be centered around the sneaker and often I want to wear something else that would not require a gear style shoe. I can try to find ways around it, but ultimately, the activity and not my mood of the day, will dictate my footwear and outfit options.
I run into the same issue at work, I want to wear my dresses more often, but I'm just too cold to do so. I can put on a cardigan, or a blazer, but that doesn't help my exposed legs. Sitting with a blanket over my legs is no fun, and I'm not going to wear hose in the summer and look weird to others. So I just don't wear dresses to work.
Over time I have tried to keep these issues in mind and purchase less dresses and more comfy and low heeled footwear but these adaptations only go so far. My only solution has been to try and wear the items I want to wear, when I can, and purchase few of them since I rarely sport them. And purchase the items I will wear more often. Practicality is a big player in my wardrobe management.