Find the produce stand that's been in the same spot for a long time. That guy probably does like my boss does, and buys from farmers who specialize in specific foods. We buy tomatoes from one place, corn from another, squash from yet another, and peaches from a totally different one. That shop owner can probably tell you a story about each farmer he buys from (even when they're not local farmers). That shop owner is likely going to know about local producers of vegetables, eggs, milk, canned goods like honey or jams or pickles, and fruits. He may not be able to get locally made stuff year round because of climate, but he does know the local producers because he buys from them whenever he possibly can. Ask questions about the products. And ask for samples; my boss says you wouldn't buy a car without taking a test drive so you should never trust the produce stand guy who won't let you taste his products. My boss nags me to give every single person who walks into our shop a sample of cantaloupe and a sample of watermelon all freaking summer, and it irks me because sometimes I'm just too busy collecting money from people or showing them how to pick a good watermelon to stop what I'm doing to go cut chunks of fruit for people to try. Oops, rant over LOL
You can also Google search for small dairy farms in your area. Our goat's milk (and goat's milk soap) come from a small goat farm near our shop. They deliver milk and eggs and soap to us once a week (sometimes twice a week for milk). You can search for locally produced food and see what pops up. Texas is a farming state, so we have websites that maintain a kid of local producers so I don't have to search through a bunch
Also? Amish and Mennonite communities. There are Amish communities in Oklahoma, and they have stores where they sell all kinds of Amish made goods. All of the jar goods at our shop are Amish or Mennonite made.
You could Google search for intentional communities near you, because they might produce their own foods, or possibly know of a small dairy farm nearby.
It's probably going to feel like a rabbit hole at first, because it still does for me even after a year and a half working for my boss. Mostly, I just let my boss worry about finding stuff to sell and I concentrate on selling it. That's lazy of me, but I've also been working for him long enough to know he's most likely buying things that align with my concerns/values.